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yana people
The Yana are a group of Native Americans indigenous to Northern California in the central Sierra Nevada, on the western side of the range. Their lands bordered the Yuba and Feather rivers. The Yana-speaking people comprised four groups: the Northern Yana, the Central Yana, the Southern Yana, and the Yahi. The noun stem ''Ya-'' means "person"; the noun suffix is ''-na'' in the northern Yana dialects and ''-hi'' () in the southern dialects. The Yana continue to be in California as members of Redding Rancheria.
==History==
The anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber put the 1770 population of the Yana at 1,500,〔Kroeber, p.883〕 and Sherburne F. Cook estimated their numbers at 1,900 and 1,850,〔Cook, 1976a:177, 1976b:16〕 while other estimates of the total Yana population before the Gold Rush include 3,000. They lived on wild game, salmon, fruit, acorns and roots.〔Pritzker, Barry M. (2000). (''A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples'' ), p. 156. Oxford University Press.〕 Their territory was approximately 2400 square miles, or more than 6000 km2, and contained mountain streams, gorges, boulder-strewn hills, and lush meadows. Each group had relatively distinct boundaries, dialects and customs.〔("Ishi's Hiding Place", Butte County ), ''A History of American Indians in California: HISTORIC SITES'', National Park Service, 2004, accessed 5 Nov 2010〕
After James W. Marshall discovered gold in 1848, tens of thousands of gold-miners and ranchers flocked into Yana territory. Yana territory was seized, especially the lands around the Yuba and Feather rivers, where the Yana fished for salmon, a major source of food.〔 The food supply dropped dramatically, as gold mining damaged the streams and fish runs, and deer fled the crowded area.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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